Sheet metal roofing and similar construction



H. J. LITTLE June 4, 1935.

SHEET METAL ROOFING AND SIMILAR CONSTRUCTION Filed May 12, 1954 Patented June 4, 1935 UNITED \STATES sneer METAL noorme am) smmm cous'rnucrron Howard J. Little, Fort Thomas, Ky., assignor to The Globe Iron Roofing & Corrugating Company, a corporation of Delaware Application May 12, 1934, Serial No. 725,361

32 Claims. (Cl. 108 18) This invention relates to sheet metal construc-- tion, particularly to a metal roofing or like construction in which itis usual to have the adjacent edges of metal sheet roofing lapping to form joints. 'One of the objects of this invention is to provide a joint, formed by the lapped edges, in which there is provided a plurality of passageways or channels to conduct any water down through the passageway or channels into the gutter of the roof. The invention provides a means of preventing any water by any siphoning action or by means of capillary attraction getting under the metal sheets and causing a leakage in the roof.

The invention provides means fora water seal being formed in the bottom of the valley between corrugations on the lower sheet due to the contact of the valley on the upper sheet with the valley on the lower sheet and thereby further prevent water from the valley passing over the next corrugation.

The invention also provides corrugations on adjacent sheets arranged so that the apex of each corrugation contacts with the apex on the corrugations of the sheet below it, while at the same time providing the maximum strength by reason of the apex of each corrugation being supported by two legs, the lower ends of which rest upon the foundation'upon which the sheets are laid or upon the foundation through the medium of the thickness of the sheet below. This provides for a seam between adjacent sheets formed by the corrugations which is not only waterproof but which gives the maximum strength to each of the corrugations forming the seam to withstand weight placed upon the apex of the corrugations by workmen walking over the roof or otherwise.

The invention also provides a beading which extends across the sheet at an angle to the corrugations heretofore referred to. This beading serves to strengthen the sheet, reducing or preventing liability of same to buckle between the edge corrugations, while, at the same time, keepinga portion ofv the sheet which overlaps the sheet below in a comparatively fiat even plane so as to make close contact with the sheet it overlaps. This beading also provides for a small air spacebetween it and the sheet below it which serves to form a break or stop to the forces of capillary attraction as it has been found that this air space arranged substantially parallel to the exposed edge of the sheet overlapping the sheet below while permitting the forces of capillary attraction to function from the edge of the sheet to the point'of the beadng, or air space formed nEissurn;

thereby, because of this air space capillary forces are broken at that point and there is no danger of water or moisture passing above this air space and beyond the edge of the underlying sheet.

In the drawing forming a part hereof,

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing two sheets of corrugated metal roof construction. Fig. 2 is a perspective view. of the same formed by the overlapped portions of two metal sheets.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on line A, A of Fig. 1 10 showing also a portion of the underlying sheet.

In the. drawing in which like characters refer to like parts, is a sheet of metal having a series of corrugations, the corrugations 2, 2 being arranged at one'end and having a valley 3 between 15 them, corrugations 4 arranged near the center of. the sheet and corrugations 5, 5 arranged near the opposite edge of the sheet with a valley 8 between them. It will be noted that the pair of corrugations 2, 2 with the valley between them 20 are of a different formation from the corrugations 5, 5 with the valley 8 between them. The apex of the corrugations 2, 2 and the outer or extreme legs 9, 9 of the corrugations 2, 2 are complements of the corrugations 5, 5 and the extreme legs 25 I0, I 0. The valley 3 is at its base wider than valley 8 and the sides of the corrugations 2, 2 forming the valley 3 are longer than the sides of the corrugations 5, 5 formingthe valley 8.

When the metal sheets are assembled and so I nailed as shown a waterproof seal can be formed between the sheets by water in the valley 3 contacting with the lower side of valley 8. When these sheets are overlapped in the manner stated, the apex of the corrugations 5, 5 rests upon the 35 apex of the corrugations 2, 2 and the valley 8 between the corrugations 5; 5 rests upon, and contacts with, the valley 3 between the corrugations 2, 2. This valley 3 and the valley 8 are both formed so that the extreme lower side is in a line 40 common to the line of the body portion of the sheet 1. The result of this is that as shown in Fig. 2 the body portion of the sheet I is supported and rests upon the foundation of the roof or structure and the lower side of the metal form-- 45 ing the valleys 3 and 8 being in a line common to the line of the body portion l rests directly upon the foundation of the structure or upon the foundation through the metal resting thereon of the lower sheet. It will be seen that this 50 gives to the apex of each corrugation two sides or legs so arranged that any weight placed upon the apex of the corrugations is transmitted by the legs direct to the foundation without the corru gations of the sheet below being called upon to 55 sustain any portion or all of such-weight. This construction greatly strengthens the corrugations and tends to prevent any brealdng down or the corrugations or buckling of same when a workman steps thereon or any other weight is placed upon the apex of the corrugations. The extreme legs of the corrugations 5, 5 which overlap the corrugations 2, 2 are arranged parallel'so as to contact with the legs 9, 9 or the corrugations 2, 2 but the legs forming the sides 01' the valley 3 are longer than the legsforming the sides of the valley I on the overlapping plate with the result that the underside of the valley 8 contacting and resting upon the bottom or the valley 3 divides the valley 3 into two compartments. It will be seen by reference to the drawing that if water by capillary attraction or otherwise finds its way over the top or the innermost-corrugations 2 it passes down and into the passageway l I and may flow down through that passageway into the gutter. A portion of the water may pass between ward into the gutter. In addition, water in the bottom of the valley 3 contacting as it does with the bottom of the valley 3 and the underside of the valley 8 will form a-seal closing the passage so that when water enters into the passageway I I it will, after the water seal referred to has been formed, pass out through the passageway H which is inclined toward the root gutter quickly because of no interruption to its flow. The water seal will retard the passage of water as it creates a greater resistance to how under the valley 8 into the passageway I2 than the resistance to the flow or the water out of the passageway ll into the gutter and consequently by reason of the two passageways H and l2 it will be impossible for water to find its way over the top of the corrugations 2 at the free edge of the lower sheet and as a result a permanent waterproof joint is established by the corrugations in conjunction with the passageways II and I 2.

The corrugation 4 serves to form a strengthening rib for the sheet and also to permit expansion and contraction due to temperature changes.

In the drawing, I have shown a beading l3 which extends across the sheet transverse to the end corrugations. As shown in Figure 3 this beading I3 is shown in a greatly enlarged cross section arranged above the lower edge of the sheet. In the drawing, Fig. l, thebeading I3 is shown as extending from a point slightly above the lower edge 01 the sheet and extending upward on the outer legs III, III of the corrugations 5, 5 across the sheet up the left-leg of corrugation 4 to a point adjacent the apex and from a point :adjacent the apex on the opposite leg of the corrugations 4 down and across the sheet to a point adjacent the first leg 9 of the corrugations 2, 2.- It will be noted thatthe beading i3 does not pass up to, or over, the apex of the corrugations and also that it is preferred not to have any beading on the legs of the corrugations 2, 2. This beading serves to strengthen the flat portions of the sheet,

particularlybetween the corrugations, and maintains same inan even plane so that when overlapping the sheet below the two sheets remain in close contact, thereby tending to seal the root against leakage; However, where, as in this type of roofing, two sheets are in contact, moisture by capillary attraction passing up between the sheets cannot pass beyond the air space formed by the beading l3 as the air space breaks the forces other end of the sheet, that is, with the symmetrical corrugations 5, 5 at the right and the beading near the lower'end oi the sheet when these corrugations 5, S are soarranged; Because oi the corrugations on opposite edges 01 the sheet not being symmetrical, it is important to have the beading on the sheet always arranged adjacent the same end 01 each sheet.

I claim:

1. In a construction a pair or members one overlapping the other, each or said members provided with a plurality of parallel corrugations, the extreme sides or the corrugations on one member arranged so as to register with the extreme jsides of the corrugations of the other member when the corrugations are overlapped, the adjacent sides of the valley between corrugations on the two members being non registering and the valley between corrugations of the overlapping member contacting with the bottom of the valley 0! the under member, all so arranged as to provide a plurality of enclosed passageways between the two members.

2. In a construction a pair of members one overlapping the other, each of said members provided with parallel corrugations of dissimilar contour so arranged as to provide a plurality of enclosed passageways between the corrugations,

all so arranged that the apex of each of the overlappingcorrugations is supported by our continuous sides extending from the apex to the base of the corrugation.

3. In a construction a pair of members one overlapping the other, each of said members provided with parallel corrugations of dissimilar contour so arranged as to provide a plurality of enclosed passageways between the corrugations, all so arranged that the apex of each of the overlapping corrugations issupported by four continuous sides extending from the apex to the horizontal portion of the member.

4. In a, roofing construction a pair of members, one of said members overlapping the other, each having a flat portion and parallel corruga:

tions along adjacent edges, the sides of each corrugation extending from the apex of the corrugation down to a point in a plane common to the flat portion of the member, the extreme sides of the corrugations on the overlapping member being arranged parallel to, and in contact with, the extreme sides of the corrugations of the underlying member, the adjacent sides of the corrugations of the overlapping member be- -the extreme sides of the corrugations of the underlying member, the adjacent sides of thecorrugations 01' the overlapping member being spaced apart from the adjacent sides of the underlying member, all so arranged to provide a plurality of enclosed passageways between adjacent overlapping corrugations;

6. In a roofing a plurality of overlapping sheet metal members, \said members having a horizontal portion, parallel corrugations extending upward from saidportion, each of said corrugations provided with two diverging legs extending from the apex thereof to a line common to the line of the horizontal portion, the adjacent legs of the corrugations on onermember being arranged atan angle different" from the adjacent legs of the corrugations on the other memvber whereby the corrugations of the members overlap and form between the corrugations a plurality of enclosed passages.

'7. In a sheet metal roofing member, a flat body portion, a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereof extending upward from said body portion, the corrugations adjacent one edge being complementary to the corrugations adjacent the other edge except that the adjacent legs of one pair 01. corrugations are not complemental to the adjacent legsof the other pair of corrugations, each of the corrugations having two legs extending from the apex of the corrugation to a line common to the line of the body portion.

8. In a roofing, a pair of members, one of which overlaps the other, the lower member provided with a pair of corrugations, the upper member provided with a portion overlapping said pair of corrugations to provide an enclosed .valley between said corrugations and means carried by the overlapping portion of said upper member contacting said lower member and'dividing said enclosed valley into a plurality of enclosed passageways.

9. In a roofing, a pair of members arranged in an inclined position, one of which overlaps the other, the lower member provided with a pair of corrugations at an angle to the lowest edge of said member, the upper member provided with a portion overlapping said pair of corrugations to provide an enclosed-valley between said corrugations and means carried by the overlapping portion of said upper member contacting said lower member and dividing said enclosed valley into a plurality of enclosed passageways.

10. In a sheet metal roofing, a flat body portion provided with two separate sets of corrugations arranged in pairs, each pair of corrugations having a valley between the corrugations, the lowest portion of which is in a line common to the li e of the body portion, the top or apex of each of the said corrugationsbeing in a line common to each other, .and the adjacent sides of one pair of corrugations being of greater length from the apex of the corrugation to the body portion than the opposite side of said corrugations.

11. In a roofing sheet, corrugations arranged adjacent two opposite edges thereof with a plane surface therebetween, a heading arranged transverse to said corrugations and extending from a point adjacent the apex on one corrugation across the roofing between two corrugations to a point adjacent the apex of another corrugation on the opposite side to provide an enclosed air space between the sheet and the portion of the construction which it overlaps.

12. In a construction member'a flat body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations and means extending across the body portion from a point near the apex of one corrugation to a point near the apex of a corrugation on the opposite side of the body portion for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction between said member and the next underlying member when in use.

13, In a roofing, a pair of members, one of which overlaps the other, each of said members provided with a pair of corrugations adjacent their edges so that the corrugations on the adjacent edges of said members eng e with each other, each of said members provided with means arranged transverse to the corrugations in the portion of the member that overlaps the underlying member, said means extending across the member from a point adjacent the apex 01. one corrugation to a point adjacent the apex of another corrugation said means adapted to interrupt the forces of capillary attraction between the contacting surfaces of the overlapping and the underlying members.

14. In a roofing, a pair of members, one of which ogeglaps the other, the lower member providedbeyith *a pair of corrugations, the upper mem r provided with a portion overlapping said pair, of corrugations to provide an enclosed valley between said corrugations and means carried by the overlapping ,portion of said upper member dividing said enclosed valley into a plurality of enclosed passageways, each of said members provided with a relatively small corrugation or heading transverse to the first mentioned corrugations so arranged as to provide below such small corrugations an air space between the member and the underlying construction when in use.

15. In a sheet metal roofing member, a fiat body portion, a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereof extending upward from said body portion, the corrugations adjacent one edge being complementary to the corrugations adjacent the other edge except that the adjacent legs of one pair of corrugations are not complementary to the adjacent legs of the other pair of corrugations, each of the corrugations having two legs extending from the apex of the corrugation to a line common to the line of the body portion, and a relatively smaller single corrugation arranged transverse to said parallel corrugations across the flat portion of the body.

16. In a sheet metal roofing member, a flat body portion, a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereof extending upward from said body portion, the corrugations adjacent one edge being complementary to the corrugations adjacent the other edge except that the adjacent legs of one pair of corrugations are not complementary to the adjacent legs of the other pair of corrugations, each of the corrugations having two legs extending from the apex of the corrugation to a line common to the line of the body portion, and a relatively smaller single corrugation arranged transverse to said parallel corrugations across the flat portion of the body and extending up the legs of one or more corrugations but not over the apex thereof.

1'7. In a building covering composed of overlapping metal members, each of said members overlapping a like member in the same row and another member in the row below, each member provided with corrugations arranged along their side edges so that the corrugations may be overlapped with the next adjacent member in the same row, and each member also provided with w and between one leg of a corrugation a leg of the underlying corrugation.

18.Inasheetmetalroofing,afiatbody portion provided with two separate sets of corrugations arranged in pairs, each pair of corrugations having a valley between the corrugations, the lowest portion of which is in-a line common to the line of the body portion, the side of one of the corrugations forming the valley between a pair of corrugations being longer from the apex of the corrugation to the base than the corresponding side, forming the valley between the other pair of corrugations.

19. In a roofing sheet, corrugations arranged adjacent opposite edges thereof, a beading arranged transverse to said corrugations extending substantially across the sheet from a point adjacent the apex of one corrugation onone edge to a point adjacent the apex of the next corrugation, said beading adapted to provide an enclosed space between contacting portions of the next adjacent member.

20. In a construction member, a body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations and means extending substantially across the memher from a point adjacent the apex of one corrugation to a point adjacent the apex of the other corrugation for; interrupting the forces of capillary attraction between said member and the contacting body portion of the next adjacent member.

21. In a construction, a pair of members, each provided with corrugations arranged in sets, one member overlapping the other, each of said members provided with a pair of corrugations of dissimilar contour associated with corrugations'on the overlapped member and so arranged as to provide a plurality of enclosed passageways between apair of corrugations of the underlying member. i

22. In a construction member, a body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations, means extending across the member from points adjacent the apexes of the adjacent spaced apart corrugations for' interrupting the forces of capillary attraction between said member and the contacting body portion of the next adjacent member, said means permitting the body portions of adjacent members to be in contacting relation.

23. A sheet metal roofing comprising overjacent member, said overlapping courses being in contact on opposite sides of the capillary interrupting means.

24. A roofing comprising overlapping courses including roofing sheets, each of which have corrugations arranged adjacent two opposite edges thereof, and a beading arranged transversely to said corrugatiom and extending from a point adjacent the apex of the corrugation on one edge to a'point adjacent the apex ofthe corrugation on the other 8. said beading on one sheet being contacted with a non-beaded portion" of an overlapping sheet to provide an air space between contacting portions of the overlappins members.

25. In a sheet metal roofing member, a fiat body portion, a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereof extending upward from said body portion, the corrugations adjacent the other edge, each of the corrugations having two legs extending from the apex of the corrugation to a line common to the line of the body portion. and a relatively smaller single corrugation arranged transverse to said parallel .corrugations across the fiat portion of the body to a point adjacent the apex of one corrugation each pair.

26. In a sheet metal roofing member, a fiat body portion, a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereof extending upward from said body portions, the corrugations adjations adjacent the other edge, each of the corrugations having two legs extending from the apex of the corrugation to a line common tothe line of the body portion, and a relatively smaller single corrugation, arranged transverse to said cent one edge being dissimilar to the 00111188? parallel corrugations across the fiat'portion of v a point intermediate the base of the leg and the apex of the corrugation to provide an air space between the sheet and the portion of the construction which it overlaps, thereby providing means for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction.

128. In a roofing sheet a body portion, corrugations on opposite sides of said body portion, a beading transverse to said corrugations extending entirely across the said body portion and up one of the legs of the corrugations on the opposite sides of the body portion to a point intermediate the base of the leg and the ,apex of the corrugation to'provide an air space between the sheet and the portion of the construction which it overlaps, thereby providing means for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction.

29. In a roofing sheet a body portion, a corrugated portion, a heading arranged transversely to the corrugated portion, extending entirely across the bodv portion and into the leg of the corrugation to provide an air space across the sheet and into the leg of the corrugation between the sheet and the portion of the construction which-it overlaps, thereby forming means for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction.

30. In a construction member, a body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations, means extending'across the member to a point on the leg of the corrugations for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction between said member and the contacting body portion of the next adjacent member, said means permitting the body portions of adjacent members to be in contacting relation.

31 In a construction member, a body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations. means extending across the member to a point on the legs of the corrugations intermediate the base thereof and the apex of said corrugation for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction 2,004,052 between said member and the contacting body portion of the next adjacent member, said means permitting the body portions of adjacent members to be in contacting relation.

32. In a i'ooflng sheet a body portion, a corrugated portion, a beading arranged transverse to said corrugation extending entirely across the body portion and up the leg or the corrugation to a point intermediate the base 01 the leg and the-apex'of the corrugation to provide an air space between the sheet and the portion 01' the construction which it overlaps, thereby providing meanslfor interrupting the forces of capillary attraction, said means permitting the body portion on opposite sides of said means to contact with adjacent portions of a construction which the sheet may overlap.

HOWARD J. LI'I'I'LE. 

